The golfer's own shot. A guest who hits another player or a passer-by with a wayward shot faces the claim first, as the person who played it. Even then the claim can fail. In Pollard v Trude [2008] QCA 421, a golfer who lost part of the sight in one eye after a playing partner's shot struck him lost his claim. The Queensland Court of Appeal held that the warning given was adequate and that being hit was an obvious risk under that state's Civil Liability Act. Your public liability is for your liability, not the guest's. Whether the guest has cover for their own personal liability depends on their own insurance, such as a home contents or travel policy. Don't tell guests your policy protects them for their own shots.
Where it becomes yours. Your liability comes from what you organise and control. Grouping players too close together, running a format that sends balls across a busy hole, keeping a group out after the course's lightning siren, or handing carts to guests without a briefing are the situations where a claim can point at the operator. The course has its own duties as occupier, so a claim can name more than one party.
Carts and clubs. The tour operator policies we arrange exclude vehicles that are registered, or required to be registered, from public liability. Whether an on-course cart falls inside that depends on registration and use, so tell the underwriter how carts are hired and where they're driven. Cart and club hire terms can make the hirer responsible for damage, and damage to hired property is only picked up by a limited care, custody or control extension. Read the hire terms before you sign them for the group.
Waivers, and guests' own cover. Golf is a sporting activity, so playing it falls within the definition of recreational services in section 139A of the Competition and Consumer Act. That section allows a contract term to limit liability under the consumer guarantees for death or personal injury, but not for significant personal injury caused by the supplier's reckless conduct, and not for property loss or refunds. State civil liability laws add their own rules, so have a lawyer draft the wording. A waiver doesn't put money in an injured guest's hands either. Because a ball-strike claim against another player can fail, as it did in Pollard, a guest's own personal accident or travel insurance pays set benefits under its own terms. See waivers and booking terms and, for trips abroad, insurance for overseas tours.